| The Tobacco Reference Guide |
| by David Moyer, MD. |
| Chapter 11 Other health problems |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour |
| Other health problems: Osteoporosis |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
| Smokers suffer more fractures because they have higher rates of osteoporosis, or |
| decreased bone density. Back pain is more common in smokers, and surgery to treat |
| back problems, especially spinal fusion, is less successful. |
| Cigarettes, pp. 56-57 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| A nonsmoker's broken leg heals an average 80% faster than a smoker's broken leg. |
| Experts theorize that reduced blood flow in smokers interferes with bone healing. |
| Cigarettes, p. 58 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Women who smoke have levels of osteoporosis equivalent to about five years of |
| aging, and double their risk for fractures. |
| Mayo Clinic Nicotine Dependence Seminar, May 13, 1997 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Regular exercise and not smoking is important in achieving maximal peak bone mass |
| in adolescents and young adults. In men, smoking had a deleterious effect on bone |
| mineral density, reducing average femoral neck bone mineral density by 9.7% as |
| compared with nonsmokers. |
| British Medical Journal, July 23, 1994, p. 234 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Page 22 of 32 |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
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