| The Tobacco Reference Guide
|
| by David Moyer, MD. |
| Chapter 14 Pregnancy and fertility |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour |
| Pregnancy and fertility: Congenital Anomalies |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
| One study found an increased risk of 1.6 for congenital malformations among babies |
| born to heavy smokers; another reported a 2.3 fold higher risk of birth defects. |
| However, other studies have not demonstrated an increased risk, and the overall |
| evidence that cigarette smoking is related to congenital malformations is unclear. |
| Reducing the Health Consequences of Smoking, p. 73 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In a study from Budapest, Hungary, maternal smoking during pregnancy raised the |
| risk by 48% (relative odds 1.48) of delivering a baby with congenital limb deficiency |
| (isolated absence of a single arm or leg). |
| British Medical Journal, June 4, 1994, p. 1473 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In a study from Seattle, maternal smoking during pregnancy was associated with a |
| 2.3-fold increased risk of congenital urinary tract anomalies in offspring. |
| American Journal of Public Health, February 1996, p. 249 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Babies of mothers who smoke during pregnancy run twice the risk of cleft lips and |
| palates. If there were no smoking during pregnancy, it would reduce from 7000 to |
| 5000 the total yearly number of US babies with oral clefts. Corrective surgeries and |
| treatment cost up to $100,000 per child. |
| American Medical News, April 8, 1996 (from March 1996 American Journal of |
| Human Genetics) |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Fetuses whose mothers smoke are 50 to 70% more likely to develop a cleft lip or |
| palate. 13% of pregnant American women still smoke. |
| Newsweek, April 24, 2000 p. 78 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Page 18 of 28 |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
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