| The Tobacco Reference Guide
|
| by David Moyer, MD. |
| Chapter 14 Pregnancy and fertility |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour |
| Pregnancy and fertility: Fertility and Menopause |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
| Nicotine is toxic to sperm, and reduces its ability to penetrate eggs by 12 to 16 |
| percent. Nicotine lowers the sperm count, causes sperm to clump together, reduces |
| sperm swimming ability and causes it to grow in abnormal shapes. |
| San Francisco Chronicle, February 4, 1991, p. A4 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Two studies reported in the March 1998 issue of the journal Fertility and Sterility show |
| that men who smoke have poorer quality and more structurally abnormal sperm, and |
| that smoking might inhibit fertility. |
| American Medical News, April 27, 1998 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Male smokers have lower levels of testosterone, a reduced volume of semen |
| ejaculated with decreased sperm production and lower sperm count, an impairment of |
| sperm motility and movement, a higher percentage of sperm with abnormal |
| morphology or shape, and an increase in the number of white blood cells in the sperm, |
| or pyospermia. |
| Cigarettes, pp. 96-97 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In men in fertility clinics, cigarette smoking is associated with significant decreases in |
| sperm penetration assay scores and with increased numbers of seminal fluid white |
| blood cells. |
| Journal of Urology, October 1990, p. 900 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In a study from the Czech Republic, male teenage smokers had sperm damage and |
| significant evidence of chromosomal damage that could cause genetic abnormalities |
| in their children. |
| San Francisco Chronicle, October 2, 1998, p. A2 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Page 19 of 28 |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
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