| The Tobacco Reference Guide |
| by David Moyer, MD. |
| Chapter 27 International |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour |
| International: Western Europe |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
| In Italy, 30% of female college graduates and 40% of university graduates smoke. The |
| prevalence among physicians is 25.4%. In 1994, the smoking prevalence was 32% |
| (38% of men and 26% of women). |
| Tobacco and Health, pp. 700 and 735 and Tobacco or Health: a Global Status |
| Report, 1997, p. 334 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In a survey in Italy of career military physicians and medical corpsmen at a military |
| health school, 40% were smokers. Rates for military personnel at the La Spezia naval |
| base were 46%, and 54% in a survey from three military commands. |
| Tobacco and Health, p. 914 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In Italy, tobacco advertising was banned in the 1960's, and taxes are high, leading to |
| "the flourishing contraband of American cigarettes from which a substantial part of |
| Naples earns its living." |
| Lancet, November 5, 1994, p. 1290 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| In November 1992, 14,000 striking tobacco workers in Italy blocked the supply of |
| cigarettes to stores for several weeks, causing traffic into Switzerland to increase |
| seven-fold as some of Italy's 13.5 million smokers (one-third of adults) headed north to |
| buy cigarettes. The resulting black market resulted in prices of up to $125 a carton. |
| Prostitutes were reportedly accepting 200-cigarette cartons as payment. |
| New York Times, November 28, 1992, p. A1 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Italian tax fraud experts are investigating claims that Philip Morris, which holds 46% of |
| the Italian cigarette market, took part in a $6.4 billion tax evasion scheme dating back |
| to 1987. |
| Associated Press, July 6, 1996 |
| tobacco reference guideg (artefact pour saut |
| Page 115 of 116 |
| globalink (artefact pour saut de ligne) |
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